A dental crown is a cap that covers a tooth to restore its shape, strength and appearance. Crowns are used after a root canal, to protect a cracked or heavily filled tooth, to cover a dental implant, or to improve a tooth that is worn or misshapen. The right crown depends on the tooth, your bite and your goals.
Common crown materials
- Porcelain or ceramic. The closest match to natural tooth color and translucency. It can be less durable under heavy biting force in some cases.
- Zirconia. Very strong and available in tooth-colored shades. The final appearance depends on the type used and the lab work.
- Porcelain fused to metal. Strong, with a tooth-colored surface. A thin metal edge can sometimes show near the gumline.
- Metal alloys, including gold. Very durable and gentle on opposing teeth. The metal color is noticeable, so these are mostly used for back teeth.
Factors that guide the choice
- Which tooth it is. Front teeth are usually restored for appearance. Back teeth take more chewing force and may call for a stronger material.
- Your bite. If you clench or grind, ask which material and design will hold up, and whether a night guard would help.
- How much natural tooth remains. This affects how the crown is shaped and attached.
- Color match. Your dentist will match the shade to your neighboring teeth.
- Allergies or sensitivities. Tell your dentist about any metal sensitivity.
- Your gums. Healthy gums help a crown fit well, so gum problems are treated first.
What the process usually involves
- Exam and X-rays to check the tooth and the bone around it.
- Preparing the tooth. The tooth is numbed and reshaped so a crown can fit over it.
- Impressions or scans of the prepared tooth.
- A temporary crown protects the tooth while the final crown is made.
- Placing the final crown, checking the fit and bite, and making small adjustments.
Caring for a crown
A crown can still have decay where it meets the tooth, so brush twice a day, clean between your teeth and keep your regular checkups. Avoid biting hard objects such as ice. If a crown comes loose, read what to do when a filling or crown falls out.
Talk with your dentist
There is no single best material for everyone. Ask your dentist to explain why a specific material is recommended for your tooth, and what the alternatives are. If a tooth has deep decay, you may also want to read about fillings and root canal treatment, which are sometimes needed before a crown.
This article is general information and does not replace an exam or personal advice from your dentist.
Have questions about your own teeth? Request an appointment or call (747) 339-7016.
